Caught in the Rye

July 2, 2009

Following up on her temporary restraining order from last month, U.S. District Court judge Deborah Batts has now permanently banned publication of an unauthorized sequel to J.D. Salinger’s classic novel, Catcher in the Rye, ruling that the book about a geriatric Holden Caulfield wandering the streets of New York after having escaped from a retirement home could not be considered as covered by the fair use exception to copyright law because it was not a critical parody that “transformed” the original. To the extent Defendants contend that 60 Years and the character of Mr. C direct parodic comment or criticism at Catcher or Holden Caulfield, as opposed to Salinger himself, the Court finds such contentions to be post-hoc rationalizations employed through vague generalizations about the alleged naivety of the original, rather than reasonably perceivable parody. Calefornia, the plagiarist cum parodier,has stated that he will appeal the decision. One presumes that with Internet methods of distribution, like Moll Flanders, Lady Chatterly, Mein Kampf, Spycatcher, the Protocols of the Elders of Zion and other works banned from time to time, for better or worse reasons, the book will be widely read and readily available.


Milka and Milko Are Confusing

July 1, 2009

The CFI has upheld an OHIM Board of Appeal decision that there was a likelihood of confusion between a figurative sign incorporating the word “milko” and the Greek word for “delta” applied for in respect of milk with cocoa, and Kraft Foods’ earlier mark including the word “milka”, registered for milk, cocoa and chocolate products, among other goods.

The rationale of the court is that the applicant’s mark was dominated by the word “milko” which closely resembles the word “milka” element in the opponent’s mark. It was held that consumers unfamiliar with the Greek alphabet would not understand the element comprising the Greek word for “delta”, and the milkmaid design in the applicant’s mark would be seen as ornamental. The court found that the likelihood of confusion between the marks was greater due to the well known nature of Kraft’s mark. Milk is, of course, fairly generic in association with chocolate, and the cow, milk maid is not that distinctive either. The ruling brings to mind the Israel ruling in Elite vs Milka.

Case: Vivartia Case T-204/06, ABEE Proïonton Diatrofis kai Ypiresion Estiasis v OHIM, 10 June 2009.

See also: Elite and Milka’s Cows Lock Horns


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